Path to Permanent Residency in Romania: Requirements and Process in 2025

Permanent Residency in Romania

Achieving permanent residency in Romania opens doors to long-term living in the EU with benefits like free movement and access to services. This status is typically granted after five years of legal residence, but pathways vary. Always confirm with official sources, as rules can evolve.

The main route is through continuous legal residence for at least five years on a temporary permit (e.g., for work, study, or family). You'll need to prove stable income, health insurance, accommodation, and integration (like basic Romanian language knowledge). Absences from Romania should not exceed 10 months in total during this period.

Apply at the local IGI office with documents including your ID, proof of residence, income statements, and a clean criminal record. Processing takes about 30-90 days, with fees around €250. For investors, Romania offers residency through business setup, requiring a minimum investment of €100,000-€200,000 or creating jobs.

Family reunification or marriage to a Romanian citizen can shorten the timeline to three years. Once granted, the permit is valid for 10 years and renewable. For U.S. expats, starting with a temporary residence is common before transitioning.

This overview is for guidance; professional immigration advice is recommended for a smooth application.

Citizenship in Romania

How to Obtain Romanian Citizenship: Eligibility and Steps for 2025

Romanian citizenship provides EU passport benefits, including visa-free travel to over 170 countries. In 2025, pathways include descent, naturalization, and investment. This is a general overview—consult Romanian authorities for personalized verification.

The easiest route is by descent: If you have Romanian ancestors (up to second degree) born in Romania, you can apply with birth certificates and proof of lineage. No residence is required, but intermediate Romanian language proficiency (B1 level) is needed.

For naturalization, you must have legally resided in Romania for eight years (five if married to a citizen), demonstrate good behavior, sufficient income, and knowledge of Romanian language, culture, and constitution. Recent 2025 reforms emphasize cultural contributions and simplify processes. Applications go through the National Citizenship Authority, involving an oath and tests.

Processing can take 12-24 months. Dual citizenship is allowed for most applicants. For those with significant investments or contributions, faster tracks may apply.

Use this as a starting point; legal experts can help navigate the specifics.